Motor fuel



Patented Jan. 19, 1926.

v UNITED STATES.

RALPH H. MCKEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MOTOR FUEL.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, RALPH H. McKEn, a citizen of the United States, residing at State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motor Fuels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to motor'fuels, and, in its preferred embodiment, it comprises a mixture of shale oil, benzol, andalcohol containing a small amount of ethylene or propylene. V

In a copending application filedJanuary 16, 1922, Serial No. 529,771, now Patent No. 1,494,613, granted May 20, 1924, I have de scribed and claimed a motor fuel employing as abase, the gasoline like fractions of shale oil and more particularly a mixed fuel consisting of such gasoline like fractions of shale oil, alcohol and ether.

The present invention consists of such gasoline-like fractions of shale oil, alcohol, and ethylene or propylene. Ethylene and propylene are gases at ordinary temperatures and pressure but are readily soluble in alcohol and in a mixed fuel of the character described. While the proportion of ethylene or propylene employed may vary within certain limits, I find that a fuel containing from 2 to 8 per cent of either of these gases, or a mixture of them, is preferable.

Ethylene o-r propylene may be readily mixed with shale oil and particularly the gasoline-like fraction of shale oilto obtain the advantages usually obtained from the use of ether in mixed fuels, such as easy starting without the attendant disadvantages normally present in the use of ether in mixed fuels having. petroleum oils as their base. The gasoline-like fractions of shale oil employed is preferably the fraction having a gravity of .650 to .740 and distilling between 100 F. and 350 F. Such fractions have a flash point at quite low temperatures,

even below 32 Such fractions, when.

of the unrefined hale naphtha, are strongly odored due to the presence of nitrogen bases.

In a typical embodiment of the invention, I employ about one-third shale oil distillate from which the pyridines and isoquinolines have not been removed, one-third commercial benzol consisting of benzol and a small amount of toluene, and one-third alcohol consisting of alcohol and an amount of New York. in the county of New York and Application filed November 19, 1923. Serial No. 675,728.

ethylene or propylene, or mixture thereof, suflicient to form from2 to 8 per cent of the entire mixture. The proportions may be varied within wide limits. Under some con ditions, the shale oil derivative present may be employed in large percentages up to and in excess of per cent, and the alcohol and benzolmay be accordingly decreased.

ts a somewhat different method of practiclng the invention, I have found that satisfactory results may be obtained by eliminating the benzol in which case the alcohol com tent is preferably proportionately increased. In this embodiment of the invention, I prefer to employ absolute alcohol rather than the 95 per cent alcohol ordinarily employed.

As stated, ethylene or propylene may be employed ora mixture of the two gases may be used. In practicing the invention, I have found that the gases are substantial chemical equivalents and the term ethylene employed in the claims is employed to cover the use of either of the two gases or a mixture of them.

While I have described in detail the preferred practice of my process, it is to be understood that the details of procedure, and proportions of ingredients may be widely varied, and thatknown chemical equivalents may be employed in place of the materials mentioned, without departing from the spirit of the invention or @the scope of the subjoined claims.

I claim:

1. A mixed fuel for internal combustion engines comprisin a homogeneous mixture of the gasoline-1i e fraction of shale oil, alcohol and ethylene.

2. A. mixed fuel for internal combustion engines comprising a homogeneous mixture of the gasoline-like fraction of shale oil, alcohol, ethylene and benzol.

' 3. A mixed fuel for internal combustion a homogeneous mixture engines comprisin I v e fraction of shale 011,

of the gasoline-1i alcohol containing a relativel small amount of the gasoline-like fraction of shale oil having nltrogen bases therein, alcohol and ethylene, the ethylene being present in approximately from 2 to 8 per cent of the fuel.

6. A mixed fuel for internal combustion engines comprising a homogeneous mixture of the gasoline-like fraction of shale oil having nitrogen bases therein, alcohol, ethylene and benzol.

7. A' mixed fuel for internal combustion engines comprising a homogeneous mixture of the gasoline-like fraction of shale oil having nitrogen bases therein, alcohol, ethylene, and commercial benzol containing toluol.

8. A mixed fuel for internal combustion 15 and benzol containing a relatively small 20 amount of to-luol.

In testimonywhereof, I aflix my signature.

RALPH H. MoKEE. 

